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1.
Laboratory Animal Research ; : 112-126, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1002499

ABSTRACT

Background@#Animal models are essential to understand the physiopathology of human diseases but also to evaluate new therapies. However, for several diseases there is no appropriate animal model, which complicates the development of effective therapies. HPV infections, responsible for carcinoma cancers, are among these. So far, the lack of relevant animal models has hampered the development of therapeutic vaccines. In this study, we used a candidate therapeutic vaccine named C216, similar to the ProCervix candidate therapeutic vaccine, to validate new mouse and dog HPV preclinical models. ProCervix has shown promising results with classical subcutaneous murine TC-1 cell tumor isografts but has failed in a phase II study. @*Results@#We first generated E7/HPV16 syngeneic transgenic mice in which the expression of the E7 antigen could be switched on through the use of Cre–lox recombination. Non-integrative LentiFlash® viral particles were used to locally deliver Cre mRNA, resulting in E7/HPV16 expression and GFP reporter fluorescence. The expression of E7/HPV16 was monitored by in vivo fluorescence using Cellvizio imaging and by local mRNA expression quantification. In the experimental conditions used, we observed no differences in E7 expression between C216 vaccinated and control groups. To mimic the MHC diversity of humans, E7/HPV16 transgenes were locally delivered by injection of lentiviral particles in the muscle of dogs. Vaccination with C216, tested with two different adjuvants, induced a strong immune response in dogs. However, we detected no relationship between the level of cellular response against E7/HPV16 and the elimination of E7-expressing cells, either by fluorescence or by RT-ddPCR analysis. @*Conclusions@#In this study, we have developed two animal models, with a genetic design that is easily transposable to different antigens, to validate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. Our results indicate that, despite being immunogenic, the C216 candidate vaccine did not induce a sufficiently strong immune response to eliminate infected cells. Our results are in line with the failure of the ProCervix vaccine that was observed at the end of the phase II clinical trial, reinforcing the relevance of appropriate animal models.

2.
Rev. argent. reumatolg. (En línea) ; 33(4): 248-253, oct. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1449432

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el virus Chikungunya (CHIKV) es un virus ARN que se transmite a través de mosquitos; se asocia a manifestaciones articulares, tanto en fases agudas, como también a síntomas persistentes articulares pasada la infección. Objetivos: describir la prevalencia informada de artritis reumatoidea (AR) en la infección por CHIKV en sus diferentes fases (aguda, subaguda crónica) y la persistencia de artralgias en la fase crónica. Materiales y métodos: revisión bibliográfica, no sistemática, de artículos científicos publicados desde 2001 hasta 2022, en inglés y español, en las siguientes bases de datos: Medline, Cochrane, Lilacs y Scielo. No se hicieron restricciones en base al tipo de estudio. Se revisaron los resúmenes y, en caso de ser necesario, se evaluaron los artículos completos teniendo en cuenta para su selección los trabajos que describían la asociación de CHIKV AR en la infección por CHIKV en sus diferentes fases (aguda, subaguda y crónica) y la persistencia de artralgias en la fase crónica. Para la búsqueda de artículos en los diferentes motores de búsqueda se emplearon las siguientes ecuaciones de búsqueda: "Chikungunya virus" y "arthritis"; "Chikungunya virus" y "persistent arthralgias". Como criterio de inclusión, se aplicaron los artículos que mencionaban la infección en adultos y describieran la presencia de AR en la infección por CHIKV en sus diferentes fases (aguda, subaguda y crónica) y la persistencia de artralgias en la fase crónica. Luego de la búsqueda inicial, se seleccionaron 26 artículos que se consideraron relevantes para esta revisión. De los 26 artículos seleccionados, siete fueron revisiones bibliográficas no sistémicas, seis estudios preclínicos (tres en ratones, dos de secuenciación viral y uno de inmunidad celular), cuatro estudios corte transversal descriptivos, cuatro longitudinales prospectivos, dos estudios retrospectivos, una revisión sistémica con metaanálisis, una guía de práctica clínica y una serie de casos clínicos. Resultados: la prevalencia informada de pacientes con AR por CHIKV que progresan a una etapa crónica varía de 4,1 a 78,6%. Las rodillas, tobillos, codos, muñecas y articulaciones metacarpofalángicas son las articulaciones más frecuentemente comprometidas en la fase crónica. El mecanismo por el cual el CHIKV se induce la AR crónica aún está en investigación, y es la persistencia del virus en macrófagos y el mimetismo molecular las teorías más aceptadas hasta el momento. Con respecto al desarrollo de AR en pacientes luego de la infección por CHIKV, no hay a la fecha una postura definida. Existe consenso respecto a que la AR es la enfermedad reumática inflamatoria más frecuentemente encontrada en pacientes recuperados de CHIKV. Dos estudios demostraron que entre un 5 y un 36% de los pacientes que fueron evaluados por artralgias post-CHIKV cumplían criterios del American College of Rheumatology (ACR 2010) de AR. Conclusiones: el compromiso musculoesquelético, principalmente las artralgias crónicas son una manifestación frecuente en un gran número de pacientes recuperados de CHIKV. Si bien hay discrepancia entre los diferentes autores, existe una prevalencia aproximada del 30% de síntomas articulares crónicos posteriores a la infección viral. En general, el compromiso es poliarticular, simétrico y afecta principalmente a las articulaciones de la mano y las rodillas. Deben realizarse más investigaciones y estudios para establecer guías de abordaje de los pacientes con compromiso articular y antecedentes de infecciones por arbovirus.


Introduction: the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an RNA virus that is transmitted through mosquitoes, which is associated with joint manifestations both in acute phases as well as persistent joint symptoms after the infection. Objectives: to describe the reported prevalence of arthritis in CHIKV infection in its different phases: acute, subacute, chronic, and the persistence of arthralgia in the chronic phase. Materials and methods: non-systematic bibliographic review of scientific articles published from 2001 to 2022, in English and Spanish, in the following databases: Medline, Cochrane, Lilacs, Scielo. No restrictions were made based on the type of study. The abstracts were reviewed and, if necessary, the complete articles were evaluated, taking into account for their selection the works that described the association of the CHIKV virus with arthritis in its different phases: acute, subacute, chronic, and the persistence of arthralgia in the chronic phase. To search for articles in the different search engines, the following search equations were used: "Chikungunya virus" and "arthritis"; "Chikungunya virus" and "persistent arthralgias". Articles that spoke of infection in adults and described the presence of arthritis and chronic arthralgia once the acute and subacute phases, respectively, were applied as inclusion criteria. After the initial search, 26 articles were considered relevant for this review. Of the 26 articles selected, 7 were non-systemic bibliographic reviews, 6 preclinical studies (3 in mice, 2 on viral sequencing and 1 on cellular immunity), 4 descriptive cross-sectional studies, 4 prospective longitudinal, 2 retrospective studies, 1 systemic review with meta-analysis, 1 clinical practice guideline and 1 series of clinical cases. Results: The reported prevalence of patients with CHIKV arthritis progressing to a chronic stage ranges from 4.1 to 78.6%. The knees, ankles, elbows, wrists, and metacarpophalangeal joints are the most frequently involved joints in the chronic phase. The mechanism by which CHIKV induces chronic arthritis remains under investigation, with virus persistence in macrophages and molecular mimicry being the most accepted theories to date. Regarding the development of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in patients after CHIKV infection, there is no defined position to date. There is consensus that RA is the most frequently found inflammatory rheumatic disease in patients recovered from CHIKV. Two studies have shown that between 5% and 36% of patients who were evaluated for post-CHIKV arthralgia met the 2010 ACR criteria for RA. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal compromise, mainly chronic arthralgia, is a frequent manifestation in a large number of patients recovered from CHIKV. Although there is discrepancy between the different authors, there is an approximate prevalence of 30% of chronic joint symptoms after viral infection. The compromise is generally polyarticular, symmetrical and mainly affects joints of the hand and knees. More research and studies must be carried out in order to establish management guidelines for patients with joint involvement and a history of arbovirus infections.

3.
Cir. Urug ; 6(1): e202, jul. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1384410

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las complicaciones de la litiasis biliar (LB) son una causa importante de morbilidad en nuestro país y en el mundo entero y generan elevados costos en salud. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar, que pacientes con una complicación de su patología litiásica de la vía biliar (colecistitis, colangitis aguda, pancreatitis aguda), fueron previamente asintomáticos, resultando dicha complicación el debut de la enfermedad. Lugar: Sanatorio Asociación Española de Socorros Mutuos, Montevideo Uruguay. Diseño: Estudio observacional descriptivo, retrospectivo, análisis de historias clínicas. Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron 234 casos clínicos. Se constató en este grupo de pacientes, características epidemiológicas, metodología diagnóstica, tratamientos recibidos y complicaciones. Resultados: Del total de pacientes (n=234), 109 (46.6%) tenían una litiasis vesicular asintomática (LVA) y la complicación biliar, fue el debut de su enfermedad. La colecistitis aguda fue la complicación más frecuente (68%), en segundo lugar, la colangitis aguda (22%) y en tercer lugar la pancreatitis aguda (10%). La edad promedio de presentación de la enfermedad fue los 59 años. Conclusiones: Casi la mitad de los pacientes (46.6%) que presentaron una complicación de su litiasis biliar eran asintomáticos. Este sería un argumento importante para indicar la colecistectomía laparoscópica con un criterio profiláctico en pacientes con una LVA.


Introduction : Complications of gallstones are an important cause of morbidity in our country and throughout the world and generate high health costs. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine which patients with a complication of their bile duct stone pathology (cholecystitis, acute cholangitis, acute pancreatitis) were previously asymptomatic, and this complication resulted in the onset of the disease. Place: Sanatorium Asociación Española de Socorros Mutuos, Montevideo Uruguay. Design: Descriptive and retrospective observational study with an analysis of medical records. Materials and Methods: 234 clinical cases were analyzed. Epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic methodology, treatments received, and complications were assessed in this group of patients. Results: Of the total number of patients (n=234), 109 (46.6%) had an asymptomatic gallbladder lithiasis and the biliary complication was the debut of their disease. Acute cholecystitis was the most frequent complication (68%), followed by acute cholangitis (22%) and third by acute pancreatitis (10%). The average age of presentation of the disease was 59 years. Conclusions: Almost half of the patients (46.6%) who presented a complication of their gallstones were asymptomatic. This would be an important argument to indicate laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a prophylactic criterion in patients with asymptomatic gallbladder lithiasis.


Introdução: As complicações dos cálculos biliares são uma importante causa de morbidade em nosso país e em todo o mundo e geram altos custos de saúde. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar quais pacientes com uma complicação de sua patologia de cálculo do ducto biliar (colecistite, colangite aguda, pancreatite aguda) eram previamente assintomáticos, e essa complicação resultou no aparecimento da doença. Local: Sanatório Asociación Española de Socorros Mutuos, Montevidéu - Uruguai. Desenho: Estudo observacional descritivo, retrospectivo, análise de histórias clínicas. Materiais e Métodos: Foram analisados ​​234 casos clínicos. Características epidemiológicas, metodologia diagnóstica, tratamentos recebidos e complicações foram avaliadas neste grupo de pacientes. Resultados: Do total de pacientes (n=234), 109 (46,6%) apresentavam litíase vesicular assintomática e a complicação biliar foi o início da doença. A colecistite aguda foi a complicação mais frequente (68%), seguida da colangite aguda (22%) e a terceira da pancreatite aguda (10%). A idade média de apresentação da doença foi de 59 anos. Conclusões: Quase metade dos pacientes (46,6%) que apresentaram complicação de seus cálculos biliares eram assintomáticos. Esse seria um argumento importante para indicar a colecistectomia laparoscópica com critério profilático em pacientes com litíase vesicular assintomática.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Pancreatitis/epidemiology , Biliary Tract Diseases/complications , Cholangitis/epidemiology , Cholecystitis, Acute/epidemiology , Uruguay/epidemiology , Incidence , Prospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Asymptomatic Diseases , Octogenarians , Nonagenarians
4.
Archiv. med. fam. gen. (En línea) ; 18(3): 16-24, Nov. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, InstitutionalDB, BINACIS, UNISALUD | ID: biblio-1395250

ABSTRACT

Dada la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia y la implicancia de esta práctica para la salud de los/as bebés, se indagó sobre la información que comparten profesionales de la salud a mujeres (embarazadas o en período de lactancia) sobre el consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional transversal mediante una encuesta en línea. Completaron la encuesta completa 86 profesionales de la salud (Medad=43.22, DS=9.10) y 32 sólo las preguntas sobre consumo y lactancia (n total para encuesta de lactancia=118 profesionales; Medad=44.5, DS=8.77). Los resultados arrojaron que la mayoría de los/as profesionales destaca la importancia de abordar el consumo de alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia, pero hay quienes permiten el consumo de alcohol durante estos períodos, a pesar de considerarse de riesgo entre moderado y alto para el/la bebé. Se concluye, entonces, que hay una necesidad de mayor formación profesional en el tema (AU)


The high prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding has been reported. The use of alcohol during pregnancy and breastfeeding is prejudicial for babies' health. This study inquired about the information that health professionals share with women about alcohol use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Therefore, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted using an online survey. 86 health professionals (Mage=43.22, SD=9.10) completed the full survey and 32 health professionals completed only the questions about breastfeeding and alcohol use (total sample for these questions=118, Mage=44.5, SD=8.77). The results showed that almost every professional highlights the importance of approaching alcohol use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but some allow alcohol use during these periods despite the fact that a large group considered that alcohol use has moderate to high risk for the baby. The conclusions of the study are that results showed the need for more professional training on alcohol drinking risk during pregnancy and breastfeeding (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Feeding , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Pregnancy , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Professional Role , Prenatal Education , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Personnel/education
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(3): 592-595, June 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1098292

ABSTRACT

El arco palmar superficial (APS) resulta de la unión de la arteria ulnar y la rama palmar superficial de la arteria radial. Por su convexidad nacen las arterias digitales comunes. Esta descripción es la única que distintos autores han tomado como válida, por lo que se espera encontrarla durante la disección con mayor frecuencia. Esto no ha sido verificado en nuestra experiencia. Nos proponemos llevar a cabo una revisión de la descripción del APS poniéndolo en contraposición con las disecciones realizadas. Se disecaron y analizaron 61 manos cadavéricas. Estudio del arco palmar superficial: Variante clásica del APS: 23 casos (37,7 %). Variante no clásica del APS: 15 casos (24,6 %). Tipo A: 13 casos (86,7 %). Anastomosis entre arterias ulnar y metacarpiana dorsal del primer espacio. Tipo B: 2 casos (13,3 %). Anastomosis entre arterias ulnar y satélite del nervio mediano. Ausencia del arco: 23 casos (37,7 %) Tipo A: 19 casos (82,6 %). La arteria ulnar es la única estructura en el plano del APS. Tipo B: 3 casos (13 %). La arteria ulnar y la rama palmar superficial de la arteria radial están en el plano del APS sin anastomosarse entre sí. Tipo C: 1 caso (4,4 %). La arteria ulnar y la satélite del nervio mediano están en el plano del APS sin anastomosarse. Estudio de la quinta arteria digital palmar común: La quinta arteria digital palmar común se originó de las distintas variantes en 41 casos (67,2 %). Recomendamos al momento de la disección considerar que: la variante clásica no es la más frecuente de hallar; la ausencia del arco se verifica en el mismo porcentaje que la variante clásica; incluso cuando se comprueba la presencia del APS, el porcentaje de la variante no clásica es contundente; la quinta arteria digital palmar común es una rama colateral constante del APS.


The superficial palmar arch (SPA) is formed by the union of the ulnar artery and the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery. From its convexity four branches emerge, known as the common palmar digital arteries. We propose to carry out a review of the description of the SPA in contrast to the dissections carried out. Sixty-one hands were dissected and studied. Analysis of the SPA: Classic variant of the SPA: 23 cases (37.7 %). Nonclassic variant of the SPA: 15 cases (24.6 %). Type A: 13 cases (86.7 %). Anastomosis between the ulnar artery and the first dorsal metacarpal artery. Type B: 2 cases (13.3 %). Anastomosis between the ulnar artery and the satellite artery of the median nerve. Absence of the arch: 23 cases (37.7 %) Type A: 19 cases (82.6 %). The ulnar artery is the only one present in the plane of the SPA. Type B: 3 cases (13 %). The ulnar artery and the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery are in the plane of the superficial palmar arch, there is no anastomosis between them. Type C: 1 case (4.4 %). The ulnar artery and the satellite artery for the median nerve are in the plane of the SPA, there is no anastomosis between them. Analysis of the fifth common palmar digital artery: The fifth common palmar digital artery originates from the different variants in 41 cases (67.2 %). Based on the results, we recommend at the time of dissecting consider that: The classic variant is not the most frequent to find. The absence of the arch is verified in the same percentage rate as the classic variant. Even when the SPA is present, the percentage rate of the non-classic variant is significant. The fifth common palmar digital artery is a constant collateral branch of the superficial palmar arch.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Ulnar Artery/anatomy & histology , Hand/blood supply , Radial Artery/anatomy & histology , Anatomic Variation
6.
Rev. argent. reumatol ; 29(3): 39-45, set. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-980207

ABSTRACT

Las vasculitis sistémicas son un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades poco frecuentes que cursan con inflamación de los vasos sanguíneos y que pueden afectar potencialmente cualquier órgano y sistema del cuerpo. Generan deterioro u obstrucción al flujo sanguíneo y daño a la integridad de la pared vascular


Subject(s)
Systemic Vasculitis , Lung Diseases
7.
International Journal of Oral Science ; (4): 125-130, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-290178

ABSTRACT

After teeth are replanted, there are two possible healing responses: periodontal ligament healing or ankylosis with subsequent replacement resorption. The purpose of this study was to compare the fatigue resistance of vertically fractured teeth after bonding the fragments under conditions simulating both healing modes. Thirty-two human premolars were vertically fractured and the fragments were bonded together with Super-Bond C&B. They were then randomly distributed into four groups (BP, CP, CA, BA). The BP and CP groups were used to investigate the periodontal ligament healing mode whilst the BA and CA groups simulated ankylosis. All teeth had root canal treatment performed. Metal crowns were constructed for the CP and CA groups. The BP and BA groups only had composite resin restorations in the access cavities. All specimens were subjected to a 260 N load at 4 Hz until failure of the bond or until 2 × 10⁶ cycles had been reached if no fracture occurred. Cracks were detected by stereomicroscope imaging and also assessed via dye penetration tests. Finally, interfaces of the resin luting agent were examined by scanning electron microscope. The results confirmed that the fatigue resistance was higher in the groups with simulated periodontal ligament healing. Periodontal reattachment showed important biomechanical role in bonded and replanted vertically fractured teeth.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomechanical Phenomena , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Periodontal Ligament , Physiology , Stress, Mechanical , Tooth Fractures , Therapeutics , Tooth Replantation
8.
Rev. argent. cir. plást ; 15(1): 18-23, ene. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-531597

ABSTRACT

Técnica por vía periareolar inferior con disección en dos planos (primero, disección del polo inferior de la mama en plano premuscular, luego, disección del plano retromuscular, coincidiendo ambas disecciones en la creación del nuevo surco submamario) para el tratamiento de las hipomastías con asimetría mamaria y/o con ptosis de diferentes grados y en las mamas tuberosas. De este modo, evitamos la utilización de técnicas periareolares completas o periareolares verticales.


Technique of inferior periareolar via by dissection in two planes: dissecting first, the inferior polo of the breast at a pre muscular plane and then, at the retromuscular plane, both coinciding intro the creation of a new submammary wrinkle to treat hypomastias with mammary asymmetry and/or with ptosis of different grades, and in tuberous breasts. Thus avoiding the use of complete periareolar or periareolavertical techniques.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Implants , Dissection/methods , Mammaplasty/methods , Silicone Elastomers , Silicone Gels
9.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 42(10): 610-4, oct. 1985. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-31087

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 124 niños entre 7 meses y 13 años de edad, con diagnóstico de criptorquidia de varios tipos y grados. Todos ellos fueron sometidos a tratamiento con gonadotrofina coriónica en una dosis total de 10,000 UI, dividida en cuatro dosis de 2,500 UI cada una. Los pacientes fueron reexaminados 15 días de terminar el tratamiento considerándose éxito total cuando ambos testículos se encontraron en escroto y éxito parcial cuando sólo uno de ellos descendió. Se obtuvo un éxito total en 27.4% de los pacientes en general. Una serie de factores parecen influir en el éxito del tratamiento, como: tamaño de los testículos, grado de criptorquidia y edad de los pacientes


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Chorionic Gonadotropin/therapeutic use , Cryptorchidism/drug therapy
10.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 41(7): 269-73, 1984.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-26071

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de malacoplaquia del colon en un nino de ocho anos siete meses de edad, cuya evolucion clinica fue torpida a pesar del manejo intensivo presentando mejoria clinica muy evidente al asociar betanecol al tratamiento. Asi mismo se revisa la literatura medica sobre la experiencia en ninos y se comentan los aspectos bigentes en relacion a la fisiopatologia del padecimiento asi como el posible efecto especifico del medicamento en esta enfermedad. Finalmente, se sugiere que el tratamiento debe hacerse con: antibioticos de amplio espectro, betanecol y acido ascorbico, asociacion el manejo intensivo


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Bethanechol Compounds , Colonic Diseases , Malacoplakia
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